文献 | 量子荧光|微型光纤光谱仪-ag贵宾会

the colour of blue-green bird eggs has been hypothesized to signal female quality to attending males, who may adjust their level of investment in the brood accordingly. the hypothesis has gained support in studies of spanish pied flycatchers ficedula hypoleuca. we performed a cross-fostering experiment in a norwegian population of pied flycatchers to provide an independent test of the sexually selected egg colour hypothesis in this species. egg colour was not significantly correlated with estimates of female quality (clutch size, average egg volume, first egg laying date and feeding rate). there was a significant decrease in chroma and increase in brightness and egg volume during the laying sequence, with some marked differences between six-egg and seven-egg clutches that might reflect differences in female quality. however, we found no significant influence of egg colour (foster or original clutch) on male feeding rate or offspring viability (hatching success, average mass and fledging success) and no significant difference in feeding rate for males with six-egg and seven-egg foster or original clutches. we conclude that norwegian male pied flycatchers do not use egg colour as a cue to female quality, thus questioning the generality of previous support for the sexually selected egg colour hypothesis from this species.

hydrogen peroxide is a precursor to damage mechanisms in numerous applications; its monitoring is important and challenging. the effect of temperature on the perforomance and durability of a recently developed optical fiber sensors sensitice to the presence of hydrogen peroxide in low concentrations is investigated. the sensors are fabricated by immobilizing prussian blue within a multilayer of electrostatically self-assembled polyelectrolytes. the sensing principle of this optical electrode relies on the change in the intensity of the reflected light when prussian white is oxidized back to the blue state due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide. the amplitude of the intensity of the reflected light is found to vary with temperature in a quadratic fashion, but the characteristic response time which correlates with vary with temperature in a quadratic fashion, but the characteristic response time which correlates with concentration remains constant. thus the sensing device retains its abilities to determine and quantify the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in a liquid solution. additionally, the degradation of these fiber sensors when subjected to high temperature is examined. four optical fiber sensing devices were subjected to different testing conditions and a characterization protocol that included: measurement of the intensity of the intensity of the cyanide strtch(2150 cm-1) via raman micro spectroscopy; imaging with scanning electron microscopy; and measurement of the presence of iron ions using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.

the blue-green eggshell pigment biliverdin is an efficient antioxidant, the deposition of which may be costly and act as a handicap to the female’s antioxidant capacity. thus, it is hypothesized that there exists a positive correlation between the degree of eggshell coloration and the condition and health state of the mother. in this study, we measured the blue-green chroma of collared flycatcher ficedula albicollis eggs, and investigated the associations between egg colour and parental characteristics, laying date, clutch size and laying order. we also analysed the possible correlations between egg size, yolk carotenoid and antibody levels and eggshell pigmentation. our results revealed no significant relationships between egg colour and female age, morphological and serological variables. blue-green colour intensity of eggs increased throughout the breeding season, which could be the result of either a proximate constraint or an adaptive strategy. we found a positive association between egg colour saturation and yolk lutein concentration. this relationship could be the result of the seasonal improvement of caterpillar supply, which could influence the deposition of both components into the egg. furthermore, we found that females mated to lower-quality males produced eggs with higher biliverdin pigmentation. it is possible that deposition of biliverdin is correlated to some unmeasured aspect of egg quality that could enhance the viability of offspring of lower-quality fathers. we found that intensity of blue-green coloration increased with laying order between the first and fifth eggs.

a low cost led based spectrometer is described. this led based spectrometer could be operated as a standalone instrument or under pc control via serial link. a total of seven wavelength selections are available by the plug-and-measure led light module. with the seven wavelength selections, the led based spectrometer could provide qualitative visible absorption spectra that predict the absorption maximum. based upon the qualitative visible spectra, quantitative photometric information could be obtained.